Software fault localization, the act of identifying the locations of faults in a program, is widely
recognized to be one of the most tedious, time consuming, and expensive-yet equally critical …

This chapter describes traditional and intuitive fault localization techniques, including
program logging, assertions, breakpoints, and profiling. Many advanced fault localization …

Spectrum‐based fault localization is a promising approach to automatically locate root
causes of failures quickly. Two well‐known spectrum‐based fault localization techniques …

Debugging or fault localization is one of the most challenging tasks during software
development. Many tools have been developed to reduce the amount of effort and time …

Background: Fault localization is an important approach aimed at discovering faults in
source codes to accelerate the activities of software development and maintenance …

A fault is the root cause of program failures where a program behaves differently from the
intended behavior. Finding or localizing faults is often laborious (especially so for complex …

Coincidentally correct test cases are those that execute faulty program statements but do not
result in failures. The presence of such test cases in a test suite reduces the effectiveness of …