Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been the major contributor to chronic lower back
pain (LBP). Abnormal apoptosis, senescence, and pyroptosis of IVD cells, extracellular …

Low back pain (LBP), caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a major
contributor to global disability. In its healthy state, the IVD is a tough and well-hydrated …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common musculoskeletal degenerative disease
worldwide, of which the main clinical manifestation is low back pain (LBP); approximately …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is the most common spinal disorder, which can
lead to the symptoms of neck pain or low back pain. In healthy mature IVD tissues …

Regenerative medicine for intervertebral disc (IVD) disease, by utilizing chondrocytes, IVD
cells, and stem cells, has progressed to clinical trials in the treatment of back pain, and has …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), a progressive and multifactorial pathological process,
is predominantly associated with low back pain and permanent disability. Pyroptosis is a …

Intervertebral disc degeneration is thought to be a major contributor to low back pain, the
etiology of which is complex and not yet fully understood. To compensate for the lack of drug …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder that involves
the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in mitochondrial …

Biomaterial based strategies have been widely explored to preserve and restore the juvenile
phenotype of cells of the nucleus pulposus (NP) in degenerated intervertebral discs (IVD) …

Adjacent vertebrae articulate through zygapophyseal joints between the respective superior
and inferior facets of the vertebral articular processes as well as through the joints of the …