Background Major haemorrhage is a clinical emergency that results in morbidity and
mortality: practice guidance is important to reduce these risks. Delayed recognition of …

Methods A panel of content experts was convened to determine the scope and focus of this
narrative review. Data was obtained from published original trials and meta-analyses …

Background Clozapine is the most effective medication for treatment-refractory
schizophrenia but is associated with significant adverse drug reactions, including nocturnal …

Background the identification and minimization of hyponatraemia-inducing medication (HIM)
usage is among the effective strategies for preventing hyponatraemia. However, the …

The vasopressin system has emerged as a therapeutic focus for lowering portal
hypertension and reducing splanchnic vasodilation in patients with refractory ascites …

Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have diverse effects on
sodium and water homeostasis. They decrease thirst perception, potentially inhibit arginine …

Lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms are a common presentation of autonomic dysfunction in
Parkinson's disease (PD). Symptoms significantly impact quality of life and are associated …

Peptide–polymer systems hold strong potential for applications in nanotherapeutics.
Desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin, may …

Most marketed peptide drugs are administered parenterally due to their inherent
gastrointestinal (GI) instability and poor permeability across the GI epithelium. Several …

The objective was to explore the efficacy of Tongdu Tuina manipulation in the treatment of
primary single-symptom enuresis in children. A total of 102 children aged 5–16 with primary …