Rare-earth (RE) doped nanoparticles show unique features of photon conversion from an
incident wavelength to a more suitable wavelength at an intended biological site, thus …

The strong upconversion luminescence (UCL) of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)
endows the nanoparticles with attractive features for combined imaging and drug delivery …

The generation of temperature gradients on nanoparticles heated externally by a magnetic
field is crucially important in magnetic hyperthermia therapy. But the intrinsic low heating …

Upconversion nanoparticles are a class of luminescent materials that convert longer-
wavelength near-infrared photons into visible and ultraviolet emissions. They can respond to …

The intracellular metabolism of organelles, like lysosomes and mitochondria, is highly
coordinated spatiotemporally and functionally. The activities of lysosomal enzymes …

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) show attractive anti-Stokes characteristics converting
lower-energy photons into higher-energy emissions. The excellent biocompatibility and …

Various fluctuations of intracellular ions, biomolecules, and other conditions in the
physiological environment play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes. These …

Cell temperature monitoring is of great importance to uncover temperature-dependent
intracellular events and regulate cellular functions. However, it remains a great challenge to …

Noninvasive and sensitive thermometry is crucial to human health monitoring and
applications in disease diagnosis. Despite recent advances in optical temperature detection …

Well-developed mitochondria-targeted nanocarriers for function regulation are highly
desirable. Numerous studies have been conducted on the treatment of mitochondria-related …