METHODS We conducted a thorough electronic search by Cochrane, EMBASE and
PubMed to identify relevant studies. Studies published up to the end of October 2018 were …

Cigarette smoke (CS) causes considerable morbidity and mortality by inducing cancer,
chronic lung and vascular diseases, and oral disease. Despite the well-recognized risks …

This review presents the latest available international data for lung cancer incidence,
mortality and survival, emphasizing the established causal relationship between smoking …

Background Tobacco dependence is the leading cause of preventable death and disabilities
worldwide and nicotine is the main substance responsible for the addiction to tobacco. A …

Tobacco smoking is an extremely addictive and harmful form of nicotine (NIC) consumption,
but unfortunately also the most prevalent. Although disproportionately high frequencies of …

Point mutations cause members of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily to
undergo a novel conformational transition, forming ordered polymers. These polymers …

BACKGROUND: Nicotine is the principal component of tobacco smoke, resulting in
addiction, and recent evidence suggests that damage to the insular cortex (insula) disrupts …

Exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with airway epithelial mucus cell hyperplasia and
a decrease in cilia and ciliated cells. Few models have addressed the long-term effects of …

Implications These calculations suggest that small changes in lifestyle would have a minor
effect on obesity prevention. Walking an extra mile a day expends, roughly, an additional 60 …

Period analysis has been shown to provide more up-to-date estimates of long-term cancer
survival rates than traditional cohort-based analysis. Here, we provide detailed period …