The motivation behind this paper is to introduce a broad survey identified with pragmatic
applications for portable robot stages dependent on specific wheels. In today's technology of …

Innovations are required for electric vehicles (EVs) to be lighter and more energy efficient
due to the range anxiety issue. This article introduces an intelligent control of an organic …

Unlike vehicles powered by internal combustion engines (ICE), electric vehicles (EVs) rely
on electricity stored in batteries as their energy source. Its benefits are lower maintenance …

Electric vehicles generally use a Brushless DC (Direct Current) motor as the main motor of
the vehicle. Brushless DC Motor is not an instrument with a perfect level of efficiency …

Battery thermal management systems (BTMS) in hybrid electric vehicles can be complex
and heavy. They tend to increase energy consumption, leading to higher carbon dioxide …

The Indonesian government is promoting the adoption of electric cars (EV) by implementing
national policies that include incentives for EV production and infrastructure development …

Indonesian Government has paid serious attention to using electric vehicles (EV). The high
price of EV was considered to be one of the reasons for the slow growth of EV in Indonesia …

Diesel engine parameters, such as fuel and its additives, play an essential role in minimising
the effects of engine vibration. This study aimed to use artificial neural networks (ANN) to …

This research provided a detailed examination, which was used to develop a Brushless
Direct Current (BLDC) motor for Indonesia's Electric Boat Conversion Program, specifically …

This research offered a comparison of hydraulic (HPS) and electro-hydraulic power steering
(EHPS) hydraulic pressure characteristics. The goal is to assess the potential for energy …