Animal camouflage has long been used to illustrate the power of natural selection, and
provides an excellent testbed for investigating the trade‐offs affecting the adaptive value of …

Animal camouflage represents one of the most important ways of preventing (or facilitating)
predation. It attracted the attention of the earliest evolutionary biologists, and today remains …

Living organisms such as fishes, cephalopods and clams are cryptically coloured with a
wide range of hues and patterns for camouflage, signalling or energy regulation. Despite …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

Natural illumination is a common attribute and uncontrollable intimidation for concealment,
detection, recognition, and identification (CDRI) of defense surveillance. Every research …

The strategies underlying different forms of protective coloration are well understood but little
attention has been paid to the ecological, life‐history and behavioural circumstances under …

Stereopsis is the computation of depth information from views acquired simultaneously from
different points in space. For many years, stereopsis was thought to be confined to primates …

Primates are noted for their varied and complex pelage and bare skin coloration but the
significance of this diverse coloration remains opaque. Using new updated information …

Camouflage is an important anti-predator strategy for many animals and is traditionally
thought of as being tightly linked to a specific visual background. While much work focuses …

Prey animals typically try to avoid being detected and/or advertise to would-be predators that
they should be avoided. Both anti-predator strategies primarily rely on colour to succeed, but …