This study analyzes research trends on photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) systems used in
buildings. The applications of PVT systems are also classified into system design, material …

Solar photovoltaic must be equipped with a cooling unit to gain thermal performance and in
present research, a new configuration of unit for photovoltaic-thermal has been presented …

Deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) extracts heat from medium-depth geothermal
energy through heat transfer process, and its annual accumulative heat extraction directly …

To realize zero energy buildings, photovoltaic-thermal (PVT)–ground source heat pump
(GSHP) systems are being developed. However, the PVT–GSHP system faces challenges in …

The solar geothermal hybrid heat pump systems hold great promise for sustainable heating
and cooling applications. However, the practical challenges and limitations have resulted in …

One inherent problem of the conventional hybrid photovoltaic solar thermal system is the
gradual loss of module power efficiency with low energy harvesting due to steady increase …

This paper describes the process of validation of the numerical model and its calibration,
based on long-term field studies that were carried out at a growing tunnel system for …

Photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) module that can generate thermal and electrical energy have
been proposed for the realization of zero energy buildings. However, the high initial …

The building sector, as a major energy consumer, urgently needs cleaner and greener
energy supply systems. To achieve this, a distributed multi-energy system (DMES) that …

The district heating network (DHN) is an important infrastructure to meet the heating demand
of residents and can become a flexible resource in integrated electricity and heating …