A sporadic E layer has significant influence on radio communications and broadcasting, and
predicting the occurrence of sporadic E layers is one of the most important issues in space …

Using 63 and 56 yr of continuous observations, we investigate the long‐term oscillations
and residual linear trends, respectively, in the E‐and F‐region ionosonde measured …

This study analyzes strong sporadic E layer (Es) formation in Boa Vista (BV, 2.8° N, 60.7° W,
dip: 18°), a low‐latitude region in the Brazilian sector, which occurred far after the onset of a …

This work analysis the blanketing sporadic layers (Es b) behavior over São Luís, Brazil (2°
31′ S, 44° 16′ W, dip:− 4.80) which is classified as a transition region between equatorial …

During disturbed periods, E region electric fields can cause anomalous Es layer behavior,
which is observed in the digital ionosonde data. To investigate the influence of these electric …

Abstract VHF and GPS-SCINDA receivers located both at Nairobi (36.8° E, 1.3° S) in Kenya
and at Kampala (32.57° E, 0.335° N) in Uganda were used to investigate ionospheric …

This work analyzes the worldwide development of Sporadic E (Es) layers in different regions
during a High-Speed Solar Wind Stream (HSS) event on March 18, 2018. We used …

The development of sporadic-E (Es) layers over five Digisonde stations in the American
sector is analyzed. This work aims to investigate the dynamic of such layers during the days …

To study the influence of solar and geomagnetic activity on Es layers over low, mid and high
latitude stations, hourly values of parameters of Es layer during four solar cycles (1970 …

This paper presents the occurrence of the sporadic E layer critical frequency (foEs)
measured from three ionosonde stations in the Southeast Asia equatorial ionization …