Modeling the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vitro is essential to
investigating fundamental cancer biology and developing novel treatment strategies that …

Tumour heterogeneity is pervasive amongst many cancers and leads to disease
progression, and therapy resistance. In this review, using breast cancer as an exemplar, we …

MALAT1, one of the few highly conserved nuclear long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is
abundantly expressed in normal tissues. Previously, targeted inactivation and genetic …

The most common site of metastasis in breast cancer is the bone, where the balance
between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation is …

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Due to the high heterogeneity
of breast cancer cells, traditional in vitro research models still have major limitations …

Introduction Bone metastasis (BoM) occurs when cancer cells spread from their primary sites
to a bone. Currently, the mechanism underlying this metastasis process remains unclear …

Metastatic spread of tumour cells to tissues and organs around the body is the most frequent
cause of death from breast cancer. This has been modelled mainly using mouse models …

Breast cancer is a complex disease that has been classified into several different
histological and molecular subtypes. Patient-derived breast tumor organoids developed in …

Breast cancer bone metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with advanced
breast cancer. Although decreased mineral density is a known risk factor for bone …

Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) has clarified cellular heterogeneity within cell
populations. However, scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics cannot capture the dynamic …