The first successful parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism was performed in
Vienna, Austria, in 1925. Since then, parathyroidectomy has been routinely performed in …

Animal models have been used extensively to investigate the biology of fracture healing and
spinal fusion. The goal of each spinal fusion model is to try and reproduce the correct …

There is increasing demand for surgical procedures which avoid visible scars while
maintaining optimal functional and ideal cosmetic results, without compromising the safety …

Background This study compared porcine and human thoracic spine anatomies for a better
understanding of how structures encountered during thoracoscopy differ between training …

Study Design. This anatomic study described robotic approaches to the posterior
thoracolumbar spine in a porcine model. Ergonomics, control, and approach and technical …

In certain cases, lumbar spinal stenosis may lead to lumbar nervous disorder. A previous
study indicated that minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) presents benefits compared …

Background Percutaneous anterior laser and anterior endoscopic cervical spine surgery are
associated with less approach trauma than conventional open cervical spine surgery. The …

Object The authors report the short-term results of anterior cervical discectomy and interbody
fusion performed via an endoscopic approach. Methods Thirty-six patients who underwent …

To assess the efficacy of engineered tissues, it is necessary to have (1) appropriate large
animal models that mimic the clinical setting and (2) relevant methods of monitoring the …

Sentinel lymphadenectomy was developed to reduce the extent of surgical interventions in
cancer patients. The sentinel node (SN) concept was first established for melanoma and …