This paper is the thirty-eighth consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2015 …

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) has been considered as a critical cause for the
development of cognitive decline and dementia of vascular origin. Melatonin receptors have …

Alzheime's disease (AD) is an overwhelming neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by
synaptic dysfunction, memory loss, neuro-inflammation and neural cell death. Very few …

Thousands of individuals die each year from opioid‐related overdoses. While naloxone
(Narcan®) is currently the most widely employed treatment to reverse opioid toxicity, high or …

We examined whether co-injections of the cell-permeant D-cysteine analogues, D-cysteine
ethyl ester (D-CYSee) and D-cysteine ethyl amide (D-CYSea), prevent acquisition of …

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are found in the nervous system and are
downstream targets of opioid receptors. KATP channel activity can effect morphine efficacy …

The molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of addiction/dependence on
morphine may result from the ability of the opioid to diminish the transport of L-cysteine into …

Xenon gas is considered to be a safe anesthetic and imaging agent. Research on its other
potentially beneficial effects suggests that xenon may have broad efficacy for treating health …

Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases are stated as important risk factors of vascular
dementia (VaD) and other cognitive disorders. In the central nervous system, melatonin (MT …

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a general pathophysiological condition occurring
in vascular dementia (VaD) associated with negative impact on cognitive functions …