There is accumulating evidence of endothelial dysfunction, muscle and cerebral
hypoperfusion in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). In this …

Dyspnea, shortness of breath, and chest pain are frequent symptoms of post-COVID
syndrome (PCS). These symptoms are unrelated to organ damage in most patients after …

Respiratory motor failure is the leading cause of death in spinal cord injury (SCI). Cervical
injuries disrupt connections between brainstem neurons that are the primary source of …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? In this review, we examine the evidence for
control mechanisms underlying exercise hyperpnoea, giving attention to the feedback from …

Background and objective Preterm neonates are prone to episodes of apnea, bradycardia
and hypoxia (ABH) that can lead to neurological morbidities or even death. There is broad …

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) results in permanent life-altering motor and respiratory
deficits. Other than mechanical ventilation for respiratory insufficiency secondary to cervical …

The ability to discriminate competing external stimuli and initiate contextually appropriate
behaviours is a key brain function. Neurons in the deep superior colliculus (dSC) integrate …

Voluntary breathing (VB), short–term exercise (STE), and mental stress (MS) can modulate
breathing rate (BR), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP), thereby affecting human …

Early at the onset of exercise, breathing rate accelerates in order to anticipate the increasing
metabolic demand resulting from the extra effort produced. Accordingly, the respiratory …

The mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in humans is poorly understood, although the cellular …