Despite the advancement in medicine, management of heart failure (HF), which usually
presents as a disease syndrome, has been a challenge to healthcare providers. This is …

Pathological molecular mechanisms involved in myocardial remodeling contribute to alter
the existing structure of the heart, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Among the complex …

Remodelling is a response of the myocardium and vasculature to a range of potentially
noxious haemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory stimuli. Remodelling is initially …

The burden of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is considerable and is
projected to worsen. To date, there are no approved therapies available for reducing …

Background—Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi), beyond blocking
angiotensin II signaling, augment natriuretic peptides by inhibiting their breakdown by …

Background Tissue Doppler index E/è is used clinically and in multidisciplinary research for
estimation of left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) and diastolic dysfunction (DD)/heart …

Aims Five echocardiographic parameters—left atrial volume index, left ventricular mass
index, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, myocardial tissue velocity, and the ratio of early mitral …

Background—Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous
syndrome associated with multiple pathophysiologic abnormalities, including left ventricular …

Aims The clinical outcomes for patients with worsening chronic heart failure (WCHF) remain
exceedingly poor despite contemporary evidence‐based therapies, and effective therapies …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major component of the biomechanical environment with
which cells interact, and it plays important roles in both normal development and disease …