The human immune system is constantly exposed to xenobiotics and pathogens from the
environment. Although the mechanisms underlying their influence have already been at …

Stroke represents a severe medical condition that causes stroke survivors to suffer from long-
term and even lifelong disability. Over the past several decades, a vast majority of stroke …

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related
dementia, characterized by cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration, β-amyloid (Aβ) …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine, acting through the TNF-R1
and TNF-R2 receptors. The two receptors have been proposed to mediate distinct TNF-α …

We found mouse neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to have a secretory protein profile distinct
from other brain cells and to modulate microglial activation, proliferation and phagocytosis …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been reported to modulate brain injury, but remarkably,
little is known about its effects on neurogenesis. We report that TNF-α strongly influences …

We used cytokine protein array to analyze the expression of cytokines from human cord
blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CB-MSCs). Several cytokines, interleukins (IL), and …

The amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide is the derivative of amyloid precursor protein (APP)
generated through sequential proteolytic processing by β-and γ-secretases. Excessive …

Recent evidence suggests that injection drug users who abuse heroin are at increased risk
of CNS complications from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Opiate drugs may …

Stroke is among the most common causes of adult disability worldwide, and its disease
burden is shifting towards that of a long-term condition. Therefore, the development of …