Heavy metals are extensively used in agriculture and industrial applications such as
production of pesticides, batteries, alloys, and textile dyes. Prolonged, intensive or excessive …

Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is a rare, potentially life-threatening complication that affects
2–15% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc, also known as scleroderma). SRC typically …

Initially, the renal resistive index (RRI) was investigated with the aim of improving diagnosis
in kidney diseases, but this goal was not met. Recently, many papers have highlighted the …

Ultrasound (US) allows the non-invasive evaluation of morphological changes of kidney
structure (by means of B-Mode) and patterns of renal and extrarenal vascularization (by …

The use of renal resistive indices (RRIs) for the study of renal microcirculation has in the past
been proposed for the identification of renal organ damage or even to specifically identify …

The renal resistive index (RRI) is measured by Doppler sonography in an intrarenal artery,
and is the difference between the peak systolic and end-diastolic blood velocities divided by …

From growing data from the literature emerges that so-called ecoDoppler “Renal” Resistive
Indexes (RRI) are not only specific markers of kidney damage and indicators of renal …

Purpose To demonstrate role of diffusion tensor imaging of the kidney in diabetic patients
and to correlate renal fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of …

The aetiology of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is not completely elucidated. Early
identification of AKI in septic patients is considered to improve survival rate since it allows …

The significance of effective renal perfusion is relatively underemphasized in the current
literature. From a renal standpoint, besides optimizing cardiac output, renal perfusion should …