Genes specifying long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) occupy a large fraction of the genomes
of complex organisms. The term 'lncRNAs' encompasses RNA polymerase I (Pol I), Pol II …

The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Components of transcriptional machinery are selectively partitioned into specific
condensates, often mediated by protein disorder, yet we know little about how this specificity …

How enhancers control target gene expression over long genomic distances remains an
important unsolved problem. Here we investigated enhancer–promoter communication by …

Regulation of biological processes typically incorporates mechanisms that initiate and
terminate the process and, where understood, these mechanisms often involve feedback …

Biomolecular condensates compartmentalize and regulate assemblies of biomolecules
engaged in vital physiological processes in cells. Specific proteins and nucleic acids …

Differential gene expression mechanisms ensure cellular differentiation and plasticity to
shape ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversity of cell types. A key regulator of differential …

Transcription factors (TFs) represent key biological players in diseases including cancer,
autoimmunity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, outside nuclear receptors …

Nuclear processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing each
depend on the concerted action of many different protein and RNA molecules. How …

Abstract The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pre-initiation complex (PIC) is a critical node in
eukaryotic transcription regulation, and its formation is the major rate-limiting step in …