The transforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ) superfamily encompasses widespread and
evolutionarily conserved polypeptide growth factors that regulate and orchestrate growth …

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a pleiotropic multifunctional cytokine that
regulates several essential cellular processes in many parts of the body including the …

Immune dysfunction can provoke (multiple) organ failure in severely injured patients. This
dysfunction manifests in two forms, which follow a biphasic pattern. During the first phase, in …

The critical influence of chemokine biology on the outcome of allergic asthma continues to
be highlighted in recent reports describing novel mechanisms by which eosinophils are …

Abstract Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role
in several biological processes. TGF-β 1 is the most abundantly expressed isoform …

Keloids are benign fibroproliferative diseases of unknown aetiology. They occur as a result
of derangement of the normal wound healing process in susceptible individuals. Although …

Abstract Background. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor‐β1
(TGF‐β1) are important in many physiological and pathological processes. Methods …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized carriers that reflect the parent cell's information
and are known to mediate cell-cell communication. In order to overcome the disadvantages …

Keloids are induced by skin injuries such as surgeries, skin piercings, burns, and trauma.
The intra-lesional injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a promising therapy to treat keloid …

Chronic disease can cause tissue and organ damage constituting the largest obstacle to
therapy which, in turn, reduces patients' quality-adjusted life-year. Degenerative diseases …