Innate immunological pathways in COVID-19 pathogenesis

SR Paludan, TH Mogensen - Science immunology, 2022 - science.org
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease characterized by a profound
dysregulation of the innate immune system. This knowledge has emerged from the large …

A detailed overview of immune escape, antibody escape, partial vaccine escape of SARS-CoV-2 and their emerging variants with escape mutations

C Chakraborty, AR Sharma, M Bhattacharya… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
The infective SARS-CoV-2 is more prone to immune escape. Presently, the significant
variants of SARS-CoV-2 are emerging in due course of time with substantial mutations …

Two cGAS-like receptors induce antiviral immunity in Drosophila

A Holleufer, KG Winther, HH Gad, X Ai, Y Chen, L Li… - Nature, 2021 - nature.com
In mammals, cyclic GMP–AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) produces the cyclic dinucleotide
2′ 3′-cGAMP in response to cytosolic DNA and this triggers an antiviral immune …

SARS-CoV-2 infection and oxidative stress: Pathophysiological insight into thrombosis and therapeutic opportunities

MS Alam, DM Czajkowsky - Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, 2022 - Elsevier
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented unprecedented
challenges to global health. Although the majority of COVID-19 patients exhibit mild-to-no …

Macrophage ACE2 is necessary for SARS-CoV-2 replication and subsequent cytokine responses that restrict continued virion release

LI Labzin, KY Chew, K Eschke, X Wang, T Esposito… - Science …, 2023 - science.org
Macrophages are key cellular contributors to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the disease
caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 is present only on …

Innate immunity in protection and pathogenesis during coronavirus infections and COVID-19

RKS Malireddi, BR Sharma… - Annual Review of …, 2024 - annualreviews.org
The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the recently emerged β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
SARS-CoV-2 has had a catastrophic impact, resulting in nearly 7 million fatalities worldwide …

TLR2 and TLR7 mediate distinct immunopathological and antiviral plasmacytoid dendritic cell responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

RM van der Sluis, LB Cham, A Gris‐Oliver… - The EMBO …, 2022 - embopress.org
Understanding the molecular pathways driving the acute antiviral and inflammatory
response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is critical for developing treatments for severe COVID …

SARS-CoV-2: a master of immune evasion

A Rubio-Casillas, EM Redwan, VN Uversky - Biomedicines, 2022 - mdpi.com
Viruses and their hosts have coevolved for a long time. This coevolution places both the
pathogen and the human immune system under selective pressure; on the one hand, the …

The potential of probiotics as ingestible adjuvants and immune modulators for antiviral immunity and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

S Tomkinson, C Triscott, E Schenk, A Foey - Pathogens, 2023 - mdpi.com
Probiotic bacteria are able to modulate general antiviral responsiveness, including barrier
functionality and innate and adaptive immune responses. The COVID-19 pandemic …

Macrophages and dendritic cells are not the major source of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon SARS-CoV-2 infection

MA Niles, P Gogesch, S Kronhart… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
The exact role of innate immune cells upon infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and their contribution to the formation of the corona virus …