The vascular endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells (EC), constitutes the inner
cellular lining of arteries, veins and capillaries and therefore is in direct contact with the …

The vascular endothelium is a multifunctional organ and is critically involved in modulating
vascular tone and structure. Endothelial cells produce a wide range of factors that also …

The mammalian genome encodes 28 distinct members of the transient receptor potential
(TRP) superfamily of cation channels, which exhibit varying degrees of selectivity for …

The anatomy and physiology of the microcirculation in human skin are complex. Normal
cutaneous microcirculation is organized in two parallel plexuses with capillary loops …

Systemic blood pressure is acutely controlled by total peripheral resistance as determined
by the diameter of small arteries and arterioles, the contractility of which is regulated by …

Endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) is a powerful vasodilator influence in
small resistance arteries and thus an important modulator of blood pressure and flow. As the …

Histological specimen and textbook schematics evoke static pictures of vascular networks.
However, the concept of a static system is grossly misleading as vessels and their …

Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of
homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is …

Endothelial cells (ECs) line the lumen of all blood vessels and regulate functions, including
contractility. Physiological stimuli, such as acetylcholine (ACh) and intravascular flow …

Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction is a key player in the initiation and progression of …