Ribosomes are macromolecular machines that are globally required for the translation of all
proteins in all cells. Ribosome biogenesis, which is essential for cell growth, proliferation …

Eukaryotic gene expression is closely regulated by translation and turnover of mRNAs.
Recent advances highlight the importance of translation in the control of mRNA degradation …

The Sc2. 0 project is building a eukaryotic synthetic genome from scratch. A major milestone
has been achieved with all individual Sc2. 0 chromosomes assembled. Here, we describe …

Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell-cycle arrest induced by various stresses,
including aberrant oncogene activation, telomere shortening, and DNA damage. Through a …

Long viewed as an intermediary in protein translation, there is a growing awareness that
transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are capable of myriad other biological functions linked to human …

The central dogma of molecular biology entails that genetic information is transferred from
nucleic acid to proteins. Notwithstanding retro-transcribing genetic elements, DNA is …

Protein synthesis is frequently deregulated during tumorigenesis. However, the precise
contexts of selective translational control and the regulators of such mechanisms in cancer is …

Activating mutations of Ras genes are often observed in cancer. The protein products of the
three Ras genes are almost identical. However, for reasons that remain unclear, KRAS is far …

Background Regulation of protein output at the level of translation allows for a rapid
adaptation to dynamic changes to the cell's requirements. This precise control of gene …

A key characteristic of cancer cells is their increased proliferative capacity, which requires
elevated levels of protein synthesis. The process of protein synthesis involves the translation …