Ischemia and reperfusion–elicited tissue injury contributes to morbidity and mortality in a
wide range of pathologies, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, acute kidney …

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) promotes cell proliferation, survival and migration,
primarily of cells of mesenchymal origin. Dysfunction of PDGF signaling has been observed …

Animal models point towards a key role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-
like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mediating …

Fibrosis is part of a tissue repair response to injury, defined as increased deposition of
extracellular matrix. In some instances, fibrosis is beneficial; however, in the majority of …

INTRODUCTION Regenerative therapies based on cell replacement hold promise for the
treatment of a range of age-related degenerative diseases but are limited by unfavorable …

Ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury is directly related to the formation of reactive oxygen
species (ROS), endothelial cell injury, increased vascular permeability, and the activation of …

Although glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK‐3β) was originally named for its ability to
phosphorylate glycogen synthase and regulate glucose metabolism, this multifunctional …

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality, and survivors experience serious
neurological and motor behavioral deficiencies. Following a cerebral ischemic event …

The four platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs), α
and β (PDGFRA, PDGFRB), are essential proteins that are expressed during embryonic and …

The development of neuroprotective strategies to attenuate retinal ganglion cell death could
lead to novel therapies for chronic optic neuropathies such as glaucoma. Intravitreal …