Among the different definitions of viruses,'pirates of the cell'is one of the most picturesque,
but also one of the most appropriate. Viruses have been known for a long time to utilize a …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a crucial signaling
molecule regulating a diverse array of physiological processes, including adaptive immunity …

Background & Aims: Increasing evidence points towards a role of hepatitis C virus (HCV)
infection in causing malignant lymphomas. We pooled case-control study data to provide …

Background & Aims: The mechanisms by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) induces liver fibrosis
are unknown. Hepatocytes secrete HCV proteins, which may interact with hepatic stellate …

The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR plays multiple roles in cells, in
response to different stress situations. As a member of the interferon (IFN)‑Stimulated …

The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF) family of cytoplasmic
adaptor proteins regulate the signal transduction pathways of a variety of receptors …

Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) mainly develop from liver cirrhosis and severe liver
fibrosis that are established with long-lasting inflammation of the liver. Silencing of the …

Background & Aims: Liver inflammation, fibrosis, and dyslipidemia are common features in
patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Because peroxisome proliferator …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein has been suggested to play crucial roles in the
pathogeneses of liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinomas due to HCV infection …

Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
membrane associated protein and a potent causative factor of ER stress. Here we reported …