Firms, especially Chinese manufacturing firms, invest significant resources in innovation
activities to sustain their position in the intensifying competitive environment. However …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global economic recession and even changed its
development pattern. Improving energy efficiency has become one of the best choices …

The strategic human capital literature has largely overlooked the fact that knowledge stocks
depreciate and that the speed of depreciation varies across settings and over time. We …

Both the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its embedded technology diffusion
exponentially progress and grow in terms of technical change and socioeconomic impact …

Improving the development of science and technology through innovation is the core of a
country's economic development. This study employed the two-stage meta-frontier dynamic …

The efficiency evaluation of the high-tech industrial chain was crucial to optimize the
regional industrial structure and improve economic development quality. This paper used …

At present, due to increased costs, decreased productivity, and lack of breakthrough
technologies, many pharmaceutical firms face various challenges in their research and …

Despite the generosity of its tax system, Spain is far from EU countries in terms of R&D
spending and innovation outcomes. A policy instrument commonly used to foster firms' R&D …

This paper analyzes and quantifies the fundamental factors that are likely to cause
persistence in performing R&D activities: the existence of sunk costs associated with R&D …

An enterprise innovation strategy is the driving force for the healthy and sustainable
development of enterprises, and high-quality, efficient innovation is important for improving …