Approximately two decades after the first pioneering analyses, the study of shape asymmetry
with the methods of geometric morphometrics has matured and is a burgeoning field. New …

Morphometrics, the field of biological shape analysis, has undergone major change in
recent years. Most of this change has been due to the development and adoption of …

Human facial diversity is substantial, complex, and largely scientifically unexplained. We
used spatially dense quasi-landmarks to measure face shape in population samples with …

Forensic anthropologists assist law enforcement agencies and medical examiner's offices
with investigations involving human remains, providing insight into trauma analysis, the …

Accurate measurement of facial sexual dimorphism is useful to understanding facial
anatomy and specifically how faces influence, and have been influenced by, sexual …

Directional asymmetry, the systematic differences between the left and right body sides, is
widespread in human populations. Changes in directional asymmetry are associated with …

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry, is thought to reflect an
organism's relative inability to maintain stable morphological development in the face of …

Objectives In this study, the shape of the outer osseous nose in a German and a Chinese
sample is analyzed using a dense set of semi‐landmarks. Shape differences related to …

Child head injury is a very costly problem, both in terms of morbidity/mortality and direct
medical costs. In fact, it is the leading cause of death and disability for those in the United …

The human external ears, or pinnae, have an intriguing shape and, like most parts of the
human external body, bilateral symmetry is observed between left and right. It is a well …