This review is directed at understanding how neuronal death occurs in two distinct insults,
global ischemia and focal ischemia. These are the two principal rodent models for human …

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Forty years of research into the function of l-glutamic acid as a neurotransmitter in the
vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) have uncovered a tremendous complexity in the …

It has been commonly assumed that calcium, which normally serves important functions as a
membrane stabilizer, metabolic regulator, and secн ond messenger, also can mediate …

We examined the effect of blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA
subtype glutamate receptors on anoxic depolarization (AD) and cortical spreading …

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a recently described and cloned member
of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, has been shown to have marked …

It has long been accepted that high concentrations of glutamate can destroy neurons, and
this is the basis of the theory of excitotoxicity during brain injury such as stroke. Glutamate N …

The understanding of delayed hippocampal death as a therapeutic window for post-
ischemic treatment of the brain has led to numerous investigations focusing upon underlying …

Vinpocetine (ethyl apovincaminate) discovered during the late 1960s has successfully been
used in the treatment of central nervous system disorders of cerebrovascular origin for …

With the approval of alteplase (tPA) therapy for stroke, it is likely that combination therapy
with tPA to restore blood flow, and agents like glutamate receptor antagonists to halt or …