Introduction: There is increasing interest in the potential for psychedelic drugs such as
psilocybin, LSD and ketamine to treat several mental health disorders, with a growing …

The aim of this review is to evaluate the placebo effect in the treatment of anxiety and
depression. Antidepressants are supposed to work by fixing a chemical imbalance …

Modern psychedelic research remains in an early phase, and the eventual introduction of
psychedelics into clinical practice remains in doubt. In this piece, we discuss the role of …

For the past hundred years, mechanisms of change have been the black box of
psychotherapy. Thousands of studies failed to produce consistent findings, even concerning …

Mental disorders are increasingly conceptualized as biomedical diseases, explained as
manifestations of genetic and neurobiological abnormalities. Here, we discuss changes in …

Open-label placebos (OLP)—placebo pills honestly prescribed—have challenged the notion
that placebos require either deception or concealment to evoke salubrious benefits. This …

Placebos have been used ubiquitously throughout the history of medicine. Expectations and
associative learning processes are important psychological determinants of placebo effects …

Placebos are sham medical treatments. Nonetheless, they can have substantial effects on
clinical outcomes. Placebos depend on a person's psychological and brain responses to the …

Probiotic use may be an efficacious treatment option to effectively manage symptoms of
prenatal maternal anxiety and depression. Our primary aim was to test feasibility and …

Over the past 30 years there has been a surge of research on the placebo effect using a
neuroscientific approach. The interesting aspects of this effort are related to the identification …