Ice structures such as accretion on airplanes, wires, or roadways; ice falls; ice stalactites;
frozen rivers; and aufeis are formed by the freezing of capillary flows (drops, rivulets, and …

We present a front-tracking/finite difference method for simulation of drop solidification on a
cold plate. The problem includes temporal evolution of three interfaces, ie solid–liquid, solid …

Drops of liquid are placed on substrates having temperatures below the melting point of the
liquids (supercooling). All well-known stages of cooling and freezing (supercooling …

We study the freezing of water drops on a copper substrate for temperatures ranging from− 9
to− 79∘ C. We propose a thermal and geometrical analytical model for the freezing front …

In this paper we first propose a phase-field model for the containerless freezing problems, in
which the volume expansion or shrinkage of the liquid caused by the density change during …

We investigate experimentally the different shapes taken by a water drop freezing during its
impact on a cold surface. We show that these shapes are formed by a water film that remains …

When a small water droplet is deposited on a cold surface, the freezing process transforms
the droplet so that its upper portion attains a conical shape. Such a transformation occurs …

Water droplet freezing affects many aspects of our daily lives, although there is no
comprehensive model which retrieves all of the experimentally observed features when a …

When does a drop, deposited on a cold substrate, stop spreading? Despite the practical
relevance of this question, for example, in airplane icing and three-dimensional metal …

This study experimentally and numerically investigates the freezing characteristics and fluid
dynamics of millimetre-sized sessile water droplets submerged in silicone oil at sub-zero …