Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a cluster of cell-secreted lipid bilayer nanoscale particles,
universally exist in body fluids, as well as cell and tissue culture supernatants. Over the past …

The conventional therapeutic approaches to treat autoimmune diseases through
suppressing the immune system, such as steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory …

In recent years, research has increasingly focused on the biogenesis of extracellular
vesicles (EVs) and the sorting mechanisms for their contents. Mitochondria can be …

Mitochondria are multitasking organelles involved in maintaining the cell homoeostasis.
Beyond its well-established role in cellular bioenergetics, mitochondria also function as …

Scope Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a complication of diabetes mellitus, is becoming a
significant global health concern, with no complete cure currently available. Tea is regarded …

Cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS type 4) occurs when chronic kidney disease (CKD)
leads to cardiovascular damage, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates …

Blood-based biomarkers that reliably indicate disease activity in the intestinal tract are an
important unmet need in the management of patients with IBD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can contain DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites.
They are secreted by cells and play a regulatory role in various biological responses by …

Circulating extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are now considered the
next generation of cancer “theranostic” tools, with strong clinical relevance. Although their …

Exosomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are endogenous lipid vesicles that carryRNA,
protein, and lipids to mediate both paracrine and long-distance signaling. EVshave been …