Bacterial biofilm‐related infectious diseases severely influence human health. Under typical
situations, pathogens can colonize inert or biological surfaces and form biofilms. Biofilms are …

Abstract Micro‐/nanorobots (m‐bots) have attracted significant interest due to their suitability
for applications in biomedical engineering and environmental remediation. Particularly, their …

Swimming biohybrid microsized robots (eg, bacteria-or sperm-driven microrobots) with self-
propelling and navigating capabilities have become an exciting field of research, thanks to …

Over the past 15 years, the field of microrobotics has exploded with many research groups
from around the globe contributing to numerous innovations that have led to exciting new …

Advances in medical robots promise to improve modern medicine and the quality of life.
Miniaturization of these robotic platforms has led to numerous applications that leverages …

Nanorobotic manipulation to access subcellular organelles remains unmet due to the
challenge in achieving intracellular controlled propulsion. Intracellular organelles, such as …

Medical microrobots (MRs) have been demonstrated for a variety of non-invasive biomedical
applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, and assisted fertilization, among …

Micro-and nanoscale robots that can effectively convert diverse energy sources into
movement and force represent a rapidly emerging and fascinating robotics research area …

Light, as an external stimulus, is capable of driving the motion of micro/nanomotors (MNMs)
with the advantages of reversible, wireless and remote manoeuvre on demand with …

Richard Feynman's 1959 vision of controlling devices at small scales and swallowing the
surgeon has inspired the science-fiction Fantastic Voyage film and has played a crucial role …