Vaccines comprising innovative adjuvants are rapidly reaching advanced translational
stages, such as the authorized nanotechnology adjuvants in mRNA vaccines against COVID …

The advent of immunotherapy has marked a new era in cancer treatment, offering significant
clinical benefits. Cell membrane as drug delivery materials has played a crucial role in …

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a crucial biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and
progress of cancer metastasis. However, the extremely rare CTCs with large amounts of …

Cancer is a complex illness that presents significant challenges in its understanding and
treatment. The classic definition," a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled …

The use of cellular nanovesicles (CNVs) is a groundbreaking innovation in biomedical
applications. Both natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) and artificial cell membrane …

Tumor immunotherapy is a safe and effective strategy for precision medicine. However,
immunotherapy for most cancer cases still ends in failure, with the root causes of the …

Therapeutic cancer nanovaccines can induce strong antitumor immunity and establish long-
term immune memory and have shown potential for curing tumors in some clinical trials …

The immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment and low tumor immunogenicity
invariably subvert the efficacy of cancer vaccine and the antitumor immunity. An alternative …

Cancer immunotherapy can significantly prevent tumor growth and metastasis by activating
the autoimmune system without destroying normal cells. Although cancer immunotherapy …

Cancer nanovaccines have attracted widespread attention by inducing potent cytotoxic T
cell responses to improve immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, while the lack of co …