Highlights•The redox modality allows for information transfer between biology and
electronics.•Mediated redox targeting can controllably alter biological structure and …

Electrochemistry, one of the most important research and production technology, has been
widely applicated in various fields. However, the requirement of external power source is a …

Microelectronic devices can directly communicate with biology, as electronic information can
be transmitted via redox reactions within biological systems. By engineering biology's native …

Living systems use dissipative processes to enable precise spatiotemporal control over
various functions, including the transient modulation of the stiffness of tissues, which …

Redox is a unique, programmable modality capable of bridging communication between
biology and electronics. Previous studies have shown that the E. coli redox-responsive …

Biology uses well-known redox mechanisms for energy harvesting (eg, respiration),
biosynthesis, and immune defense (eg, oxidative burst), and now we know biology uses …

Emerging research indicates that biology routinely uses diffusible redox‐active molecules to
mediate communication that can span biological systems (eg, nervous and immune) and …

Biology uses an electron-based modality that involves reduction and oxidation (redox)
reactions, and this redox modality has both molecular and electrical features. Importantly …

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a representative two-dimensional transition metal
dichalcogenide and has a unique electronic structure and associated physicochemical …

Recent observations that abiotic materials can engage in redox-based interactive
communication motivates the search for new redox-active materials. Here we fabricated a …