Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life
for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that …

Abstract Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at
least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes …

Sustained observations of marine biodiversity and ecosystems focused on specific
conservation and management problems are needed around the world to effectively mitigate …

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), primarily from human fossil fuel combustion,
reduces ocean pH and causes wholesale shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry. The …

Ocean ecosystems are increasingly stressed by human-induced changes of their physical,
chemical and biological environment. Among these changes, warming, acidification …

“It takes a village to finish (marine) science these days” Paraphrased from Curtis
Huttenhower (the Human Microbiome project) The rapidity and complexity of climate change …

Organisms are projected to face unprecedented rates of change in future ocean conditions
due to anthropogenic climate‐change. At present, marine life encounters a wide range of …

Abstract The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern
Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …

Global climate change is predicted to alter the ocean's biological productivity. But how will
we recognise the impacts of climate change on ocean productivity? The most …