Multiple modes of cell death have been identified, each with a unique function and each
induced in a setting-dependent manner. As billions of cells die during mammalian …

The loss of vital cells within healthy tissues contributes to the development, progression and
treatment outcomes of many human disorders, including neurological and infectious …

All life ends in death, but perhaps one of life's grander ironies is that it also depends on
death. Cell-intrinsic suicide pathways, termed programmed cell death (PCD), are crucial for …

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a fundamental role in animal development and tissue
homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of this process is associated with a wide variety of human …

Animal response to stressors such as harsh environmental conditions and demanding
biological processes requires energy generated through increased mitochondrial activity …

Abstract In the human body, 50–70 billion cells die every day, resulting in the generation of a
large number of apoptotic bodies. However, the detailed biological role of apoptotic bodies …

Engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying therapeutic molecules are promising
candidates for disease therapies. Yet, engineering EVs with optimal functions is a challenge …

Apoptosis has been established as a mechanism of anti-cancer defense. Members of the
BCL-2 family are critical mediators of apoptotic cell death in health and disease, often found …

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a versatile model organism that has been used in
biomedical research for over a century to study a broad range of phenomena. There are …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is an evolutionarily conserved contributor to nervous system
development. In the vertebrate peripheral nervous system, PCD is the basis of the …