Honey bees feed on floral nectar and pollen that they store in their colonies as honey and
bee bread. Social division of labor enables the collection of stores of food that are consumed …

Adequate nutrition supports the development of healthy honey bee colonies. We give an
overview of the nutritional demands of honey bee workers at three levels:(1) colony nutrition …

Honey bee colonies are highly dependent upon the availability of floral resources from
which they get the nutrients (notably pollen) necessary to their development and survival …

Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) health is compromised by complex interactions between
multiple stressors, among which pesticides play a major role. To better understand the …

Background Recent declines in honey bees for crop pollination threaten fruit, nut, vegetable
and seed production in the United States. A broad survey of pesticide residues was …

This book describes and illustrates the results of more than fifteen years of elegant
experimental studies conducted by the author to investigate how a colony of bees is …

Current pesticide risk assessment for bees relies on a single (social) species, the western
honey bee, Apis mellifera L.(Hymenoptera: Apidae). However, most of the> 20,000 bee …

Global pollinators, like honeybees, are declining in abundance and diversity, which can
adversely affect natural ecosystems and agriculture. Therefore, we tested the current …

This paper reviews the literature concerning digestion and nutrient content of pollen. Four
topics are addressed in detail: 1) The mechanism of pollen digestion by animals; 2) The …

Honey bees Apis mellifera forage in a wide radius around their colony, bringing back
contaminated food resources that can function as terrestrial bioindicators of environmental …