Habitat conversion and the expansion of domesticated, invasive species into native habitats
are increasingly recognized as drivers of pathogen emergence at the agricultural–wildlife …

Newcastle disease (ND), caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a contagious disease
that affects a variety of domestic and wild avian species. Though ND is vaccine-preventable …

Kenyan poultry consists of~ 80% free-range indigenous chickens kept in small flocks (~ 30
birds) on backyard poultry farms (BPFs) and they are traded via live bird markets (LBMs) …

The global distribution and constant evolution are challenges for the control of porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), one of the most important viruses …

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can infect over 250 bird species with variable pathogenicity;
it can also infect humans in rare cases. The present study investigated an outbreak in feral …

The majority of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) strains are generally non-pathogenic
to chickens; however, they can induce severe illness and high mortality rates in pigeons …

Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), affects a wide
range of avian species worldwide. Recently, several AAvVs of diverse genotypes have …

Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) infection causes high morbidity in pigeons, resulting
in a significant burden to the poultry industry. In this study, we isolated three PPMV-1 strains …

Infectious bronchitis (IB) causes significant economic losses in the global poultry industry.
Control of IB is hindered by the genetic diversity of the causative agent, infectious bronchitis …

Velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, which show high mortality in chickens,
generally do not cause severe disease in waterfowl such as ducks. To elucidate the …