This review summarises current understanding of how bone is sculpted through adaptive
processes, designed to meet the mechanical challenges it faces in everyday life and athletic …

This review discusses advances in knowledge regarding the composition and structure of
bone, the modeling and remodeling of bone, the formation of bone during growth and its …

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts dictate skeletal mass, structure, and strength via their respective
roles in resorbing and forming bone. Bone remodeling is a spatially coordinated lifelong …

It is well established that osteoporosis and diabetes are prevalent diseases with significant
associated morbidity and mortality. Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of …

Prevalent vertebral fractures and baseline bone mineral density (BMD) predict subsequent
fracture risk. The objective of this analysis is to examine whether baseline vertebral fracture …

The material composition and structural design of bone determine its strength. Structure
determines loads that can be tolerated but loads also determine structure. Bone modifies its …

All factors influencing the material composition and structure of bone do so through the final
common cellular pathways of modeling and remodeling. During growth, modeling, the …

Bone modeling adapts structure to loading by changing bone size and shape and removes
damage and so maintains bone strength. Remodeling is initiated by damage producing …

As was true 10 years ago, tremendous interest surrounds the concept of" bone quality," as
shown by the intense and growing research activity in the field. The urgency to advance …

Concern about the risk of bone loss in astronauts as a result of prolonged exposure to
microgravity prompted the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to convene a …