Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. TBIs, which
range in severity from mild to severe, occur when a traumatic event, such as a fall, a traffic …

Cell polarity is intimately linked to numerous biological processes, such as oriented plant
cell division, particular asymmetric division, cell differentiation, cell and tissue …

Astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) provide supportive neural functions and
mediate inflammatory responses from microglia. Increasing evidence supports their critical …

The brain has a remarkable but underappreciated capacity to limit memory formation and
expression. The term" memory suppressor gene" was coined in 1998 as an attempt to …

Plasma membrane forms the barrier between the cytoplasm and the environment. Cells
constantly and selectively transport molecules across their plasma membrane without …

Abstract During cell migration, Rho GTPases spontaneously form spatial gradients that
define the front and back of cells. At the front, active Cdc42 forms a steep gradient whereas …

Abstract The small RhoGTPase Rac1 is implicated in a variety of events related to actin
cytoskeleton rearrangement. Remarkably, another event that is completely different from …

Introduction Kinesin superfamily (KIF) genes encode motor proteins that have fundamental
roles in brain functioning, development, survival and plasticity by regulating the transport of …

Numerous experimental studies demonstrate that the Ras homolog family of guanosine
triphosphate hydrolases (Rho GTPases) Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), Ras-related …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR s) modulate the growth and structure of neurons
throughout the nervous system. Ligand stimulation of the α7 nAChR has been shown to …