Against a background of far-reaching structural change in the banking sector, this article
reviews the recent academic literature on developments in European banking. European …

After a brief overview of current financing difficulties for SMEs and policy measures to
support SME lending during the crisis, this article presents a literature review related to …

We study the effects of technological change on financial intermediation, distinguishing
between innovations in information (data collection and processing) and communication …

Abstract Information, which can arrive in multiple forms, is a fundamental component of all
financial transactions and markets. We define hard and soft information and describe the …

We document that finance companies and FinTech lenders increased lending to small
businesses after the 2008 financial crisis. We show that most of the increase substituted for a …

We document the effects of the COVID− 19 pandemic on digital finance and fintech
adoption. Drawing on mobile application data from a globally representative sample, we find …

We analyze the bank supply of credit under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The
literature emphasizes relationships as a means to improve lender information, which helps …

This paper studies whether distance shapes credit allocation by estimating the impact of
bank branch closings during the 2000s on local access to credit. To generate plausibly …

Financial inclusion has become an important public policy priority following the recent global
financial crisis. Yet, we know very little of how it impacts soundness of the providers of …

Lending cuts by banks directly affect the firms borrowing from them, but also indirectly
depress economic activity in the regions in which they operate. This paper moves beyond …