Disturbed cholesterol homeostasis plays critical roles in the development of multiple
diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), neurodegenerative diseases and …

Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism. Hepatic bile acid synthesis
accounts for a major fraction of daily cholesterol turnover in humans. Biliary secretion of bile …

Most types of cells in the body do not express the capability of catabolizing cholesterol, so
cholesterol efflux is essential for homeostasis. For instance, macrophages possess four …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19–25
nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological …

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been proposed to have several antiatherosclerotic
properties, including the ability to mediate macrophage cholesterol efflux, antioxidant …

Atherosclerotic plaques impair vascular function and can lead to arterial obstruction and
tissue ischaemia. Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque within a coronary artery can result in …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that regulate lipid
and glucose metabolism and cellular differentiation. PPAR-α and PPAR-γ are both …

The mechanisms responsible for the inverse relationship between plasma high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are poorly understood …

Among the membrane compartments of a cell, vesicles known as “caveolae” have long
defied functional characterization. However, since the identification of a family of proteins …

Members of the CD36 superfamily of scavenger receptor proteins are important regulators of
lipid metabolism and innate immunity. They recognize normal and modified lipoproteins, as …