Abstract In south‐east Asia, Taiwan and Papua New Guinea, smoking, alcohol consumption
and chewing of betel quid with or without tobacco or areca nut with or without tobacco are …

Tobacco use is causally associated with cancers of the lung, larynx, mouth, esophagus,
kidneys, urinary tract, and possibly, breast. Major classes of carcinogens present in tobacco …

Despite overwhelming evidence of tobacco's harmful effects and pressure from anti-smoking
advocates, current surveys show that about one-quarter of all adults in the United States are …

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are an important part of the cellular detoxification system
and, perhaps, evolved to protect cells against reactive oxygen metabolites. Theta is …

Betel nut (BN), betel quid (BQ) and products derived from them are widely used as a socially
endorsed masticatory product. The addictive nature of BN/BQ has resulted in its widespread …

The ability to metabolise carcinogens or pro-carcinogens, repair DNA damage, and control
cell signalling and the cell cycle are fundamental to homeostasis. Oral squamous cell …

Objective. To review the effects of tobacco use on oral health, with particular emphasis on
the effects of periodontal diseases, dental implant failures, and risk of development of oral …

Oral cancer ranks first among all cancers in males and is the third most common among
females in India. Tobacco-derived carcinogens are involved in the development of oral …

Oral cancer is the leading cancer type among Southeast Asian men and is causally
associated with the use of tobacco. Genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic-metabolizing …

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in a variety of human diseases, such as
cardiovascular diseases, oral and lung cancers, and chronic obstructive pulmonary …