Research on invalid voting has expanded rapidly over the past few years. This review article
for the first time examines its principal findings and provides a new theoretical perspective …

Rates of invalid voting in Latin America are among the highest in the world. Yet, scholars
have not reached an agreement about whether these votes are driven by voter protest and, if …

Invalid ballots are relatively common in countries with compulsory voting, yet there is no
cross-national evidence as to who is more likely to cast a blank or spoiled ballot where …

Should turning out to vote in mass elections be voluntary or compulsory? Previous
normative arguments for compulsory voting often rely on contested normative claims about …

I advance a theory about how compulsory voting affects the behavior of political parties. The
theory suggests that parties will pivot toward programmatic vote‐seeking strategies and …

Invalid voting, meaning blank and spoiled ballots, is a regular phenomenon in democracies
around the world. When its share is larger than the margin of victory or greater than the vote …

Existing scholarship attributes invalid voting to independent variables that are largely time
invariant (eg, levels of education, political institutions). Yet, rates of invalid voting vary widely …

What difference does it make if the state makes people vote? The question is central to
normative debates about the rights and duties of citizens in a democracy, and to …

Term limits on elected mayors are often advocated because they eliminate the incumbency
advantage and promote higher representativeness and citizen participation through a more …

This study assesses the relative importance and explanatory power of five fundamental
psychological motives for voting. Using United States survey data, we analyze self-reports …