The aim was to provide benchmarks and investigate contribution of start and turn
performances in the European Short-Course Swimming Championship. Over all race …

The aim of this study was to compare the race characteristics of the start and turn segments
of national and regional level swimmers. In the study, 100 and 200-m events were analysed …

This study aimed to determine kinematic and kinetic key performance indicators (KPI) of
swimming turn performance using principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear …

We compared the hydrodynamic characteristics and pull-out strategies of four backstroke-to-
breaststroke turning techniques in young swimmers. Eighteen 11 and 12-year-old swimmers …

The aim of this study was to examine the contact phase during the lateral push-off in the turn
of front crawl swimming to determine which biomechanical variables (maximum normalized …

Objective Turn sections represent the second largest part of total race time in 1500 m
freestyle races and may substantially affect race results. Therefore, the aim of the study was …

This study aimed to analyse the kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic characteristics of
four front crawl flip turn technique variants. The variants distinguished from each other by …

The aims of the present study were to examine the influences of different push-off
techniques on kinetic and kinematic parameters both in and out of the water. The two …

Backstroke has been thoroughly investigated in the context of sports science. However, we
have no knowledge about the nationalities of the fastest age group backstroke swimmers …

The primary aim of work presented within this paper was to establish characteristics seen in
acceleration which pertained to phases of the tumble turn. To achieve this, a subject …