The process by which Palaeolithic Europe was transformed from a Neanderthal-dominated
region to one occupied exclusively by Homo sapiens has proven challenging to diagnose. A …

Over the past two decades, taphonomic and zooarchaeological studies have focused on
Neanderthal settlement patterns and subsistence strategies. The south-eastern margins of …

The Evolution of Paleolithic Technologies provides a novel perspective on long-term
trajectories of evolutionary change in Paleolithic tools and tool-makers. Members of the …

Almost 150 years after the first identification of Neandertal skeletal material, the cognitive
and symbolic abilities of these populations remain a subject of intense debate. We present …

Abstract The Lower Paleolithic locality of Schöningen 13 II-4 is famous for the discovery of
wooden spears found amongst the butchered remains of numerous horses and other large …

This paper presents a critical review of the experimental works with bone retouchers that
have been pub lished since the beginning of research about this type of tool. The aim of this …

For a long time, the rich bone industries of the Upper Palaeolithic were opposed to the
opportunistic Neandertal bone tools among which the bone retoucher was the most common …

The expansion of Homo sapiens and our interaction with local environments, including the
replacement or absorption of local populations, is a key component in understanding the …

Evidence for the symbolic behavior of Neanderthals in the use of personal ornaments is
relatively scarce. Among the few ornaments documented, eagle talons, which were …

Bone retouchers are more common during the Middle Palaeolithic (from MIS 7 to 3) and are
now considered as a part of the tool kit of Neanderthals. In Middle Pleistocene and Lower …