Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of cells in tumors that are characterized by self-
renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and maintain tumor …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing “rogue organ”
composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells …

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells, either intrinsic or acquired through various
mechanisms, significantly hinders the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Typically, the reduced …

Cancer is the second biggest cause of death worldwide. Despite a number of studies being
conducted, the effective mechanism for treating cancer has not yet been fully understood …

Chemoresistance is one of the major challenges for the breast cancer treatment. Owing to its
heterogeneous nature, the chemoresistance mechanisms of breast cancer are complicated …

The development of supramolecular chemistry dates back to 1987 when Lehn, Cram, and
Pedersen won the Nobel Prize on account of their leading discoveries in the host–guest …

Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body.
Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks …

The dynamic and versatile nature of diseases such as cancer has been a pivotal challenge
for developing efficient and safe therapies. Cancer treatments using a single therapeutic …

Plasma medicine is a relatively new field that grew from research in application of low-
temperature (or cold) atmospheric plasmas in bioengineering. One of the most promising …

Abstract Poly (amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) are novel polymeric highly branched
architectures with well-defined nano-size, narrow polydispersity index and numerous active …