Abstract Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates a wide spectrum of signaling responses via the AT1
receptor (AT1R) that mediate its physiological control of blood pressure, thirst, and sodium …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven transmembrane-spanning proteins
belonging to a large family of cell-surface receptors involved in many intracellular signaling …

Nociceptors, or pain‐sensitive receptors, are unique among sensory receptors in that their
sensitivity is increased by noxious stimulation. This process, called sensitization or …

Angiotensin II (Ang II), the major effector hormone of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS),
has an important role in the regulation of vascular and renal homeostasis. Clinical and …

Acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to modulate neuronal differentiation during early
development. Both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) regulate a …

Botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) is clinically used for patients with pain disorders and
dystonia. The precise mechanism whereby BoNT-A controls pain remains elusive. Here, we …

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are prescribed to patients with Marfan syndrome for
prophylaxis against aortic aneurysm progression, despite limited evidence for their efficacy …

Many G protein-coupled receptors activate growth factor receptors, although the
mechanisms controlling this transactivation are unclear. We have identified two proline-rich …

Migraine is among the most prevalent headache disorders and results from dysfunctions
within the trigeminovascular system (TVS). The inflammatory processes that have been …

Establishment of the mammalian germ line is a prerequisite for fertility of the adult animal but
we know surprisingly little about the molecular mechanisms regulating germ-line …