Background A wealth of human and experimental studies document a causal and
aggravating role of iron deficiency in neurodevelopmental disorders. While pre-, peri-, and …

Fetal alcohol exposure can lead to a range of developmental disorders, including impaired
fetal growth and development of multiple organ systems. These disorders are grouped …

Background We recently demonstrated the acceptability and feasibility of a randomized,
double‐blind choline supplementation intervention for heavy drinking women during …

BACKGROUND: Although both fetal and long-term growth restriction are well documented in
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, effects on pattern of growth trajectory have not been …

OBJECTIVE: Classic facial characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are shortened
palpebral fissures, smooth philtrum, and thin upper vermillion. We aim to help pediatricians …

Objective Determine any effects that maternal alcohol consumption during the breastfeeding
period has on child outcomes. Methods Population-based samples of children with fetal …

Failure to thrive is an archaic term—now often replaced with growth faltering, weight
faltering, or poor weight gain—to describe a symptom of many forms of primary and …

Background Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with postnatal iron deficiency
(ID), which has been shown to exacerbate deficits in growth, cognition, and behavior seen in …

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in cognitive and behavioral disabilities and
growth deficits. Because alcohol-related neurobehavioral deficits may occur in the absence …

Background Animal studies have demonstrated adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure
on placental development, but few studies have examined these effects in humans. Little is …