Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) support haematopoiesis throughout life and give rise to the
whole variety of cells of the immune system. Developing in the early embryo, passing …

In this review, we described the structure and organization of antigen-recognizing
repertoires of B and T cells from the standpoint of modern immunology. We summarized the …

The interaction of the T-cell receptor (TCR) with a peptide in the major histocompatibility
complex (pMHC) plays a central role in the adaptive immunity of higher chordates. Due to …

Non-anthropoid primates cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), also known as crab-
eating macaques, are increasingly used in biomedical and preclinical studies due to their …

Preventive medicine has proven its long-term effectiveness and economic feasibility. Over
the last century, vaccination has saved more lives than any other medical technology. At …

It is well known that the most important feature of adaptive immunity is the specificity that
provides highly precise recognition of the self, altered-self, and non-self. Due to the high …

Background Regulatory T (Treg) cells are important immune cells that are regulated by
adaptive immunity in the composition of Treg-cell subsets and T-cell receptors (TCRs). Treg …

In a lifetime, several insults occur in human tissues and therefore, the regenerative and
repair processes play a crucial role maintaining tissue homeostasis. Adult stem cells (rising …

The immune system is a complicated multilevel system of protection from different
pathogens that contributes to the multicellularity and maintenance of genetic homeostasis (1 …