Chronic pain is among the most disabling and costly disorders, with prevalence ranging
from 10% to 55%. However, current therapeutic strategies for chronic pain are unsatisfactory …

Objective: Despite considerable microsurgical innovation in peripheral nerve repair, the
outcome has improved little since the 1940s, reflecting surgical inability to adequately …

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is neurotropic in humans, birds,
and other animals. While adaptive immunity plays an important role in preventing WNV …

To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of human mesenchymal
stem cells (hMSCs), rats were intravenously treated with hMSCs 24 h after traumatic brain …

The PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway is a well-known mediator of growth promoting and
cell survival signals. While the expression and function of this pathway have been …

Several lines of evidence indicate that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PI3K-protein
kinase B/Akt (PKB/Akt) signal pathway mediate the pain hypersensitivity induced by …

Apoptosis occurring secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI) causes further neural damage and
functional loss. In this study, a rat model was used to investigate the effect of treadmill …

In postmitotic neurons, the activation of RAS family small GTPases regulates survival, growth
and differentiation. Dysregulation of RAS or its major effector pathway, the cascade of RAF …

Akt promotes cell survival through phosphorylation. The physiological functions of
cytoplasmic Akt have been well defined, but little is known about the nuclear counterpart …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation has been shown to promote neuronal
death in various paradigms. We demonstrated previously that the late and sustained ERK …