Emotion plays a crucial role, both in general human experience and in psychiatric illnesses.
Despite the importance of emotion, the relative lack of objective methodologies to …

Like all other vertebrate groups, amphibian responses to the environment are mediated
through the brain (hypothalamic)-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal (HPA/I) axis and the …

In the last years, the aquaculture crops have experienced an explosive and intensive
growth, because of the high demand for protein. This growth has increased fish susceptibility …

A prerequisite to studying the physiological status of wild animals is the ability to obtain
blood samples that reflect the condition prior to capture or handling. Based on research in …

Abstract Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) welfare and performance can be strongly
influenced by stress episodes caused by handling during farming practices. To better …

The concept that non-respiratory gases, such as nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO)
and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) functioned as signaling moieties is a relatively recent …

The adrenal gland is an essential component of the body stress response; it is formed by two
portions: a steroidogenic and a chromaffin tissue. Despite the anatomy of adrenal gland is …

The optimum concentration of anaesthetic used to facilitate fish handling can be determined
based on induction and recovery time, among other factors. This study aimed to evaluate the …

Stress, as an adaptive response of any animal to a stimulus that presents a threat to
homeostasis, can occur in reptiles. Yet, many veterinarians fail to recognize the signs of …

Simple Summary The gill tanscriptomes of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) reared
under different salinity stress were analyzed. The regulatory networks of salinity-related …